Where Stormwater Strategy Meets Practical Guidance

The Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) program is one of the cornerstones of stormwater regulation in the United States. Established under the federal Clean Water Act and administered through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), the MS4 program requires municipalitie…

For much of the last century, stormwater management followed a simple philosophy: collect runoff as quickly as possible and move it downstream through pipes, ditches, culverts, and channels. Success was often measured by how rapidly water could be removed from streets and developed areas. That appro…

Rain gardens are among the most recognizable and effective forms of green infrastructure. Although they often resemble attractive landscaped planting beds, a properly designed rain garden is a carefully engineered stormwater management system. Every component, from the shape of the basin to the soil…

Stormwater management has traditionally focused on one primary goal, moving runoff away from roads, buildings, and neighborhoods as quickly as possible. While this approach successfully reduces flooding, it often leaves behind landscapes dominated by pavement, pipes, and manicured turf that provide …

Floating wetlands are emerging as an innovative and increasingly popular tool for improving water quality in stormwater systems, ponds, and urban waterways. By replicating many of the functions of natural wetlands without requiring extensive excavation or shoreline restoration, these systems offer m…

Waterfront properties are among a community's most valuable and desirable lands. They offer scenic views, recreational opportunities, and direct access to lakes, rivers, ponds, and coastal waters. Yet the landscaping practices commonly used to maintain these properties can unintentionally become…

Stormwater drainage systems are among the most critical yet overlooked components of rural infrastructure. Hidden beneath roads, driveways, fields, and stream crossings, culverts and drainage pipes quietly transport runoff away from roadways and developed areas. Many rural drainage systems were inst…

When most people think about stormwater pollution, they think of sediment, nutrients, oils, trash, or road salt. However, heat itself can be a pollutant. Thermal pollution occurs when stormwater runoff becomes significantly warmer than the natural receiving waters it eventually enters. Elevated wate…

Eurasian watermilfoil is one of the most widespread and problematic aquatic invasive plants in North America. Known scientifically as Myriophyllum spicatum, this submerged aquatic plant has spread aggressively across lakes, ponds, rivers, reservoirs, and canals throughout much of the United States a…

Most storm drain inlets quietly collect and convey runoff without attracting much attention from the public. To many residents, a storm drain is simply another opening in the curb or grate in the pavement. What many people do not realize, however, is that storm drains in most municipalities discharg…

In stormwater management, some of the most serious failures begin as subtle warning signs that are easy to overlook unless someone is paying close attention. A cross culvert that appears nearly full on a dry day, with no recent rainfall to explain elevated water levels, is one of those warning signs…

Stormwater runoff can cause fish kills through a combination of physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms that alter aquatic environments beyond the tolerance limits of fish and other aquatic organisms. These impacts are often rapid, episodic, and closely tied to precipitation events, especially…